Form for molding concrete walls



Sept. 19, 1950 c. M. MARTIN 2,523,131

FORM FOR MOLDING CONCRETE WALLS Filed Dec. 1, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet 1INVENTOR. CL #1090 A! M41277.

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Sept. 19,1950 c. M. MARTIN 2,523,131

FQRM FQR MOLDING CONCRETE WALLS Filed D80. 1, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTOR. Cl. IFFO/PD M MART/N.

BY 9744M Patented Sept. 19, 1950 UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE FORMMOLDING CONCRETE WALLS Cliiford M. Martin, Santa Fe, N. Mex. ApplicationDecember 1, 1947, Serial No. 789,021

12 Claims. 1 This invention relates to improvements in molds for makingconcrete walls for residences and the like. Concrete is used veryextensively in the constructionof residences and larger buildings. Suchbuildings are either formed from concrete blocks that are then laid inthe manner of stone or brick, or the walls may be poured, the latterbeing the method usually employed.

Ordinary concrete used for building construction'is formed from amixture of gravel, sand and Portland cement. Such materials whenproperly mixed, form a very substantial and lasting-wall structure.,Such structures, however, are fairly good. conductors of heat and it istherefore necessary to lath and plaster such walls, leaving an air spacealong the inner surface. i 1 I In some parts ferred to as pumice andother times as scoria, such material can be used in the manufacture ofconcrete and when so used in the construction of residences, it is foundthat it requires less heat to keep them warm in cold weather due tothefact that such concrete is a poorer conductor' of heat than the ordinaryconcrete employing sand and gravel. I 7

It is theob ject of this invention to produce a mold by means of whichbuildings, more especially residences, can be readily constructed fromany kind of concrete, but which are especially well adapted for concretemade from pumice or other volcanic ash.

,Another object of the invention is to produce a form comprising a smallnumber of different structural) elements including plates, s0constructed and arranged that they may be quickly assembled to formmolds for Walls and which shall be so designed that partition walls canreadily be formed at the same time that the outer walls are made.

A still further object of the invention is to produce a form of theclass described which shall be composed principally of metal platessuitably reinforced, which are so designed that they may be shifted fromone level to another, as'the building ofthe wall progresses.

Another object is to produce a compound spacer and'tension element bymeans of which the molded plates may be held firmly in properly spacedrelation and whidh shall be of such construction that they may bereadily removed after they have served. their function, in order that ofour country there is a large supply ofvolcanic ash which is sometimesrethey may be employed in other places, as the building constructionprogresses.

The above and any other objects that may become apparent as thisdescription proceeds are attained by means of a construction and anarrangement of parts that will now be described in detail and for thispurpose reference will be had to the accompanying drawing in which theinvention has been illustrated in its present preferred form, and inwhich:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of one of the form plates;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the form shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a section taken on line 33, Figure 1 showing theconstruction of the combined spacer and tension element;

Figure 4 is a fragmentary top plan view of a wall showing insert forlength adjustment;

Figure 5 is a top plan view of a form showing the corner construction;

Figure 6 is a view similar to that shown in Figure 5, but shows apartition construction;

Figure '7 is a top plan view showing how a pilaster can be molded.

Figure 8 shows a section through the upper end of a foundation wall,showing the upper ends of the forms;

Figure 9 is a section similar to that shown in Figure 8, but with theplates removed; and

Figure 10 is a section taken on line Illl0, Figure 1. 7

Referring now to the drawing, reference nu meral l0 designates thefoundation wall which is formed by pouring a suitable concrete mixtureinto the space provided for its reception by plates I I and I2. Theseplates are secured against sep aration by means of a bolt [3 and nuts I4and are held against accidental inward movement by means of conical nutsI5. Bolts I3 are threaded inwardly from their ends for a considerabledis,-

tance and may be threaded throughout their entire lengths, if desired.The conical nuts I5 are threaded onto the ends of bolt I3 and serve asabutments limiting the inward movement of the mold plates. Bolts I6 havetheir inner ends threaded in nuts I5 and extend through the plates andthrough the strengthening ribs IT, as shown in Figure 3. They also passthrough ferrules I8 that have one end grooved for the reception of thestrengthening ribs. The plates that are used to form the straightsections of the walls have been designated by numeral I9, arerectangular and are provided along opposite Vertisition.

Referring now more particularly to Figure 1, it will be observed thatthe horizontal distance between strengthening ribs IT is 2a and that thedistance between the holes through which the spacers extend is also 2a.The distance from the holes nearest the ends of the'plate to the outsideof the angular flanges is one-half the distance between the spacer holesor a. In the drawing each strengthening rib I! has been provided withthree holes, one at each end and one directly in the middle. These holesare so situated that the end holes are in vertical alignment.

'In the drawing the thickness of the wall "or the distance between theinner surfaces of the .mold or form will be considered as T. At thecorners special form parts are provided and have been illustrated inFigure 5. The form part that is at the-inside of the wall at-each cornerhas been designated by reference numeral 22 and the corresponding outercorner member by reference member 23. Distance 0 is equal to a plus 3inches. Distance d depends on the thickness-of the wall and in Figure 5-d=T"+a,+3 inches. Distance a is one-half the distance between bolts Itas shown in Figure l. The distance from the bolts nearest each corner tothe inside of the forms'being always 3 inches as shown in Figures 5 and6.

In building a residence, for example, it is necessary to constructpartitions in predetermined places and for this purpose corner angleslike those designated by reference numerals 25 and 26 are provided. Whenthe length of a wall or the positions of partitions is greater thanamultiple of the width of the panels or plates and the standard cornerplates, it is necessary to provide narrow panels 24, like those shown inFigure 4 to bring corners and/or the partition wall to the proper place.The forms can thus continue from the partition wall to the next corner,.or to another partition wall, and by means of the special narrowadjustment, panels 24, the large form panels can be positioned in.proper relation for In Figure 6, the construction of partition forms hasbeen shown. Where the thickness of the partition is four inches, thedimensions are as indicated on the drawing; where the partition isthicker or thinner than this, corresponding changes in dimensions mustbe made. Where pilasters are desired, special plates like those shown inFigure '7 may be used, long bolts I3a may be employed in the mannershown to hold the parts from spreading.

By means of the form sections and panels described herein andillustrated on the drawing and with the aid of corner members like 22and 23 and a few narrow panels like 24, it is possible to construct amold to conform to practically any floor plan. After the first row ofplates or panels have been assembled and filled with concrete and theconcrete has been allowed to set, the various form parts areremoved'byremoving the nuts I4 from the spacer bolts I6 to release the panels.

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The form plates are then moved upwardly and secured to the upper edge ofthe wall by bolts I6 at the upper row of holes, which are left inposition for this purpose. The spacer bolts are then rearranged andafter the form has been reassembled, another section of concrete can bepoured and left to set. Bolts I6 are removed from nuts I5 when they haveserved their purpose. Nuts I5 are also, as a rule, removed leaving boltsI3 in place.

The size of the plates can be selected to suit the convenience of thedesigner. For an ordinary residence wall, the plates may be of suchwidth that only two pourings are required to complete the wall. Ofcourse it is possible to make the plates of a width equal to the heightof the wall, but this is not considered to be the desirable way.

Particular attention is called to the manner in which the plates arereinforced to resist strains imposed upon them by the hydrostatic actionof the concrete and to their relative arrangements which is such thatthe strengthening ribs of one plate will be in alignment with thecorrespond ing rib on the other plate, as shown most clearly in Figure1.

Strengthening ribs are not essential for the corner plates like thosedesignated by reference numerals 22 and. 23; however, theymay be andusually are, provided.

From the above description and from'th'e drawing, it will be seen thatthe forms necessary for pouring the walls and partitions arecomparatively simple, and therefore inexpensive. The plates may be madefrom any desired material, but for ordinary dwellings, aluminum-alloyplates and ribs'are recommended because when this material is employed,the weight is greatly reduced. which facilitates handling. l

Having described-the invention what is' claimed as new is:

1. A form for use in molding'concrete walls and partitions forbuildings, comprising a pair of substantially rectangular plates ofmetal disposed in spaced parallel relation, each having opposite edgesprovided with a .row'of :holes, the holes being positioned identicallywith reference to the ends of the plates, an outwardly extending flangealong each end of the plate, the flanges being-provided with a pluralityof holes for the reception .of clamping bolts, spaced alike with thereference to one edge of the plate, each plate having the surface fromwhich the flanges project provided with spaced parallel diagonallyextending reinforcing ribs the intermediate ribs which extend betweenopposite edges ofa plate overlying holes in the opposite edges thereof,theend ribs overlying an aperture in an edge .of a plate and terminatingbetween the edges thereof along a flange, the end ribs being aperturedwhere they terminate at a flange, and tie bolt extending between theribs where they overlie the apertures along the edges of the plates.

2. A concrete form for use in constructing houses with partitions,comprising a number of plates of equal height, each plate having anumber of equidistantly spaced bolt holes along its top and bottomedges, the holes nearest the ends of the plates beingspaced from the.ends a distance equal to one-half the distance between adjacent boltholes, the lengths of the plates being 'amultiple of the distancebetween the bolt holes, the plates having diagonally strengthening ribsextending from one edge to the other, the opposite ends of adjacent ribsbeing directly opposite from each other, each rib and plate having ahole at the middle point of the rib, the plates having each verticaledge provided with an outwardly directed flange, each flange having arow of holes similarly spaced for the reception of attaching bolts theribs which cross the flange having a point of juncture thereat, and theremaining ribs being continuous integral members.

3. A form for use in molding concrete walls, comprising, a pair ofplates secured together along edges thereof, a diagonal rib havingportions secured on each plate, ends of each portion being juxtaposed atsaid edges, the ribs being apertured at their point of juncture toreceive a tie bolt for preventing bulging of the plates.

4. A form for use in molding concrete Walls, comprising, a rectangularplate, means at opposite ends of the plate for securing same to otherplates, parallel end ribs secured to the plate adjacent opposite endsthereof, each end rib extending diagonally to a point between the sideedges of the plate at an end thereof, each of said end ribs beingapertured at said point to receive a tie bolt, an intermediate ribinterposed between the end ribs in parallel relation thereto secured tothe plate, and apertures in the last named rib and the plate forreceiving other tie bolts.

5. A form in accordance with claim 4 wherein the end ribs are aperturedadjacent an edge of the plate, and the apertures in said last named riband the plate are also disposed adjacent the edges of the plate, allapertures along the edges being in alignment.

6. A form in accordance with claim 5 wherein the intermediate rib andplate are apertured to receive a tie bolt intermediate its ends inalignber conforming to the shape of the taper, the

member engaging both rib portions.

10. A form in accordance with claim 4 wherein the ribs are constructedwith flanges along their edges secured to the plates, and an upstandingportion between the flanges.

11. A form in accordance with claim 10 wherein the upstanding portionstaper from the flanges toward the center of a rib.

12. A form in accordance with claim 10 wherein a tie bolt has meansthereon engageable with a member conforming tothe shape of the taper.

CLIFFORD M. MARTIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,815,368 Wotnoske July 21, 19312,017,553 Troiel Oct. 15, 1935 2,398,219 Geer Apr. 9, 184

